money

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Stash, February 2020

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Mon, 10/02/2020 - 5:30pm in

Tags 

money

Last year we booked tradies to begin the final stages of renovating our old wooden house. Nothing too major, a few repairs and a lick of paint. So, naïve…
The scaffolders arrived on Monday as planned and wrapped our little house in iron bars. Our builders found major repairs in addition to our minor ones. Then the six months of bone dry weather ended with some serious rain. Australians do not work when it rains.

In addition to these final (and possibly lengthy) abortive house renovations (scaffolders; builders; roofers; painters and tree loppers) plus our new jobs we have begun the process of buying a house in Broken Hill. Everything happens at once doesn’t it?

In my Stash! post last month I was inspired (amongst others) by Pat the Shuffler and Aussie Firebug to start posting my own financial situation. My financial plans up until recently have been vague at best. After all life is for living not for tabulating into spreadsheets. However, there comes a stage in everyones life when it pays to pay attention.

It is time for my monthly summary of my underwhelming finances. I am still working out my preferred way to present this information. The aim is to motivate myself to pay off my debts, save my wages and put something away for when I’m old and buggered. Pretty basic really.

Net Earnings

  • $3,830 (January)
  • $27,396 YTD

Superannuation

  • $117,283

Cash in the bank

  • $86,000

Owed on Mortgage (Rate: 3.38%)

  • $246,768

Home

Last month I was being a negative nancy. Our little house would probably fetch more than the $500k I suggested.

  • $600,000

Equities

I keep meaning to change my allocation but for now I have made no changes since last month. This is what they are currently worth.

  • $53,263

Summary

We have not saved much this month. We had to buy expensive tickets to fly out to Broken Hill to find a house. I will also be going to Sydney with MJD. We have redrawn our mortgage in preparation for paying a house deposit and paying for our renovations.

Last months final snapshot was probably a bit wrong so here is my current interpretation of the situation. In Australia we are not allowed to touch our Superannuation until retirement so I am not including it. I am also not including the value of our home as I will always need a home therefore it is not an asset. I am including the debt though because that needs to go. I have also stopped dividing all the numbers by two, my partner and I are in this together.

February Networth is negative $107,505
February Networth is negative $107,505

Next month we will hopefully succeed in getting finance for a second mortgage for the Broken Hill house. My Mum and JB will be visiting from the UK and I will be taking time off work and have some fun planned with them. In terms of FI/RE I am definitely going backwards but this is LI/FE.

Edited for clarity 11/02/2019

Going for Broke

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Sun, 26/01/2020 - 10:44am in

Tags 

work, money

We have both secured jobs in Broken Hill and have made the decision to make the move. We are jumping in with both feet, albeit with a lifeline back here in Coffs. We are renting our house out and buying one in Broken Hill. I hope to keep our mortgage below $500k which we should be able to manage with the rental income and our two wages. Down the track I would prefer to only own one house. I don’t trust the Australian housing market. I am pretty sure the rest of the family would disagree.

Looking through the real estate websites for houses has been… interesting. Most search results seem to have about 5+ car parking spaces and a variety of powerful air conditioning systems. The yards’ around the properties are either dusty barren wastes or sealed with tile, concrete or astro-turf. This all says a lot about Broken Hill. No water, hot as Hades and a long drive to the next town. I am really going to miss the beach.

We have a short-list and are flying out there next week to harass the real-estate agents. This time next week, if we are lucky, we’ll have found a house and be desparately trying to hurry approval for finance through.

Super Stupid

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Tue, 21/01/2020 - 9:13am in

Tags 

money

I just read a New York Times aricle about Leon Black and his company, Apollo. A nasty outfit by the sounds of it. The article states that some of Apollos best customers are pension funds. In 2016 Apollo used the pension funds to slash health and retirement benefits for the very same workers who had paid into the fund. Imagine finding out that you had spent your working life saving up to fund the demise of your working life. The workers went on strike for over three months through a New York winter but lost to Apollo. That is just one of the many horrible things this maleficient company profits from. It is apalling how our investment decisions can betray us.

First State Super (FSS) who manage my pension fund are no different. I was invested in private equity as well as ‘other alternatives’, whatever that is. Luckily for me FSS allows me to switch investments with no charge. I switched it to plain old Australian and International equities 50/50. According to a letter sent to Pat the Shuffler FSS outsources the management of these to Vanguard. This gives me a little peace of mind that I won’t be directly funding a dodgy firm ripping the heart out of healthcare (my industry). If there was a way I could also not encourage private heathcare I’d be even happier.

I feel better that I have wrested some control over my Superannuation but I am still frustrated by the ridiculous fees I get charged. This is an Australia-wide problem with the Superannuation industry. Of course I expect some fees but the amount seems disproportionate. If my broker can survive charging me $10-20 a trade why does FSS charge me ten times as much for what is essentially the same thing.

In his book and his forum The Barefoot Investor recommends the HostPlus Indexed Fund for it’s low fees and more recently highlighted REST for having no fees. Pat the Shuffler wrote three posts about his own search for a decent Australian Super fund from a similar perspective to me. It is of course about more than the fees and Pat ended up choosing the same fund as me despite them.

I suppose we are making the best of a bad lot and we must remember, to paraphrase Dory, ‘Just keep saving‘…
There is talk of Vanguard starting a low cost and hopefully more transparent superannuation fund. If so, I expect I’ll return to this topic soon (I can almost hear my Mum muttering, ‘Oh, how ghastly’).

Stash!

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Mon, 13/01/2020 - 10:24am in

Tags 

money

Fifteen years ago I was following the founder of the Moxie cinema as he tried to work out his business. He shared his plans and budget on his blog and asked for comments. This was one of the things I loved about the internet. Suddenly we could share our thoughts and ask for advice from our community. I posted this around that time:

The Moxie Budget

Wow! I love this. I have been struggling with the idea of running my own business.
Do I pretend to be some kind of wannabee evil corporation so as to look ‘respectable’?! Or do I come across as some sort of half-assed odd jobber. Its tricky. I want to be totally open with my budget but have some sort of deep seated guilt about making money out of people.

That in a nutshell is probably why I am so bad at being self-employed. I have never really got past the moral dichotomy of being a capitalist or a socialist. More recently I have been simultaneously inspired (by the sensible investments) and repulsed (by the unchecked priviledge and tax evasion) at the FIRE movement. Reading the FIRE; Boglehead and Barefooter blogs have inspired me to share the financial devastation that is the result of my life.

Unlike all the the young-guns out there, planning their early retirements, I am too late. The miracle of compound interest is beyond my grasp. As you will see below there is not much hope of me spending my autumn years in unbridled luxury. January is the traditional month for fools making commitments so here goes.

I’m going to post a monthly summary of my underwhelming finances in the hopes of inspiring me to improve.

Earnings

  • Gross $6,720 (December) | $32,114 (YTD)
  • NETT $3,794 (December) | $23,566 (YTD)

Nowadays I work as a Nurse and my wages are directly proportional to how much work I put in. No fancy KPI bonuses for me. If I put in some hard yards on night shifts, weekends pick up extra shfts I can pull in more. Hard yakka is my main leverage to increase my funds.

Superannuation

  • $114,296

This is with the First State Super High Growth units. 2018-2019 returned 8.2% with $998 fees.
I have paid in $2,802 so far this year. I am considering changing to a HostPlus Index fund to reduce fees.

The Australian Tax Office allows a ‘Concessional Contribution’ cap of $25k. This is the first year they are allowing us to Carry-forward to the next year for a five year window. However It would be better for me if I could somehow stack some more money in before June. Here is a table (data from 2015-16) I found which shows the median amount of Super Australians have depending on their age:

Australian Superannuation Assets $
in 2016 superannuation assets

Cash in the bank

  • $8,000

Owed on Mortgage (Rate: 3.38%)

  • $170,282

I share this mortgage with my partner so technically I only owe $85,141. We are about to do some refurbs on our house. Some of the timber holding the roof up is rotten so it’s not going to be cheap. I expect the mortgage will go backwards in the short term. I find this depressing.

Home

  • $500,000

I don’t really know what our house is worth but hopefully it’s worth more than our mortgage debt.

ETF Holdings

  • $52,031

I am considering liquidating some of these. I can use the cash as a living expense. A larger proportion of my wages can then go into my Superannuation. I’ll be taxed when I sell the ETF’s but I think I’ll save that by reducing tax on my Super Contibutions.

GOLD(15);
IAF(35);
IEM(104);
VAS(211);
VGS(232)

I have left out our living expenses and my partners finances because it’s not up to me to share her business with random denizens of the internet.

A bald monetary snapshot of what I’m worth right now would be 8k cash + $52k equities - $85k mortgage = -$25k

Last Year

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Sun, 10/11/2019 - 2:27pm in

Tags 

money, Study

Last year I was wondering which way to go in my work life. I started an oncology post-grad but quickly lost motivation. My cynicism around the higher education sausage machine got the better of me. I ended up doing Plan 2:

a year goofing off. I could work less; spend time with my family; ride my bicycle; travel; fix my house. Maybe I will go to Uni the year after that.

I goofed. I worked less. I juggled my tricky family. I did ride my lovely bicycle, never enough. I took Em on a huge trip round the world. The house definitely has been fixed up, although it is a never ending task. Jan Tregeagle could make himself useful around here.

With thanks to John Brosio
Home by j.Brosio

We have plans to do a few more repairs to the house and then paint the outside, it’s in bad shape. We have booked the scaffolder and the painter. Just trying to work out a roofer to do some roof repairs. Hopefully that’ll all be over by Easter next year. Then we will have to knuckle down and do some hard work to pay down the mortgage.

Mihamon Management

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Mon, 27/08/2018 - 5:20am in

Tags 

money

Hello there H, You asked for some money advice. Let’s be clear I am no financial advisor. I am barely financially literate. It’s true however that I put my beloved R to sleep at night regaling her with my financial equivalent of a shortsighted Don Quixote attacking windmills. I do include management of my wages in my life plans and that is probably a step ahead some people. Everyone has different ideas of what to do with their money, their life and their time. All of which are deeply entwined. I would not recommend my crazy brains illogical and downright stupid ideas to anybody else. I guess what I am saying is don’t trust my nutty plans, work out your own crazy plans.

The painting of 'Don Quixote' by Daumier
Don Quixote in the original Specsavers ad

Making Plans

What you have been doing is great, assembling all your ingoing money and outgoing money; your assets and liabilities. Just make it a habit, keep doing it. Personally I do something similar. I have a folder on my computer called ‘Tax’ inside that folder I have folders for each tax year e.g. ‘2016-7’, ‘2017-8’, 2018-9’.

A damn interesting picture of my tax folder
A damn interesting picture of my tax folder

In each of these folders I have a few spreadsheets in which I work out my ins and outs and my assets and liabilities. I update them (irregularly) every 3-6 months. I also save any documents/reciepts that I might need come tax time. This all sounds slightly organised but it’s not really. I also have lots of tax related stuff sitting in my email and on websites (my broker, superannuation, nsw health, banks etc). Most of us are doing similar versions of this to lesser or greater degrees, just don’t stop doing it. You will work out your own system for organising all that information, probably better than my rag tag system. You will also begin to see where your own financial strengths and weaknesses are. Then you will be in a position to improve things.

What you Want is not always what you Need!

If you duckduckgo ‘personal balance sheet’ there is a ton of useful information like the ?Saudi Budget 101: How to Create a Personal Balance Sheet or this great thread on reddit and a bazillion others. I think just understanding what in your life are ins and outs and what are your assets and liabilities is a major step. Then when you look at your bank/credit card/mortgage/super statements you can decide what is a ‘need’ and what is a ‘want’.

Nerd wallet
The Difference Between Wants and Needs
Personal Finance: back to basics

Never Stop Learning

Reading stuff like the Barefoot Investor; following discussions on Reddit’s financial forums; and blogs like Mr Money Mustache have made me rethink my decisions. Just look out for the snake oil salespeople and the rich bastards showing off. I’m sure you have a bunch of resources too. Just make time to poke around some of the ideas and strategies people use. Ask questions, email, IM, talk to R or me about your ideas we can nut out stuff together.

Keep Saving

I don’t know about you but I’m crap at saving money. I remedy my crapness with a bunch of automatic transfers I set up on my bank account. Everytime I get paid most of it automatically dissappears the next day into the mortgage and house bills. Sometimes I reduce my savings to pay off debts but on the whole, like our worn out lawn mower, I try and keep it running.

Saving is not just about putting away your wages and not buying that overpriced daily chai latte. It’s about paying off debts. Look at your mortgage(s) can you roll it into a cheaper deal? Have you called your bank barefoot style?. Find a better mortgage with the help of ASICs MoneySmart. Get a variable rate. Credit cards are the gateway drug to modern day slavery, pay them off and fuck them off. Look up the Snowball method.

Own It

H, you’ll notice I did not use any of yours or my actual financial details to answer your questions. This is because nobody is more engaged in your financial status than you. If they are then I suspect their motives. This is one of the reasons I tend to not trust personal financial advisors. I have in the past and regretted it. That’s not to say they are all crooks but they do need to make a living and your money is it. Therefore I think it is important that you and I should engage in our financial situation, we should own it. Having said all that I will tell you what I would do in your situation - feel free to ignore me.

If your bank won’t flex consider a cheaper mortgage provider

  1. Rent a room to help pay the mortgage.
  2. Consider moving to a cheaper house.

Use the mortgage with the lowest interest rate to pay off all the other debts.

  • Be wary of fees
  • That means paying off your credit cards and then cancelling the account.
  • Cut up the credit cards and burn the pieces.
  • Replace your credit card habit with a bank account which you must always keep topped up. When you spend it save until it’s back to where you started.
  • Only have one mortgage. Aim to get rid of it.

Think really hard about your regular expenses are they needs or wants?

I am happy to chat to you about stuff and I expect you can offer just as much advice I can. Just like everyone else I have no idea what the future holds. Just remember to wear sunscreen.

Cheers, Ruben

p.s I like obscure words which is where the title of this post came from: Mihamon => Mammon => Money

Preview: Quantitative Easing is not free money for the banks

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 22/08/2018 - 3:03pm in

It seems everyone has heard of quantitative easing, (QE), but hardly anyone knows what it is. People think QE, as used in the US and UK since the financial crisis, and still in use in the EU and Japan, is free money for the banks and will lead to rampant inflation. It really isn’t and it really doesn’t.

In reality, QE is merely an asset swap where investors receive bank deposits in return for government securities.

To continue reading, subscribe to my Patreon for as little as $3 a month.

Democratic socialism: We already know it works

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 11/07/2018 - 9:48pm in

This piece was originally published on Patreon

For the first time since its inception, socialism is not a dirty word.

And try as they might to compromise its integrity, critics know they are unable to address the concept on its merits, because democratic socialism offers policies most people would actually vote for, epitomised by the success of Ocasio Cortez, Bernie Sanders, Jeremy Corbyn, and the election of Lopez Obrador in Mexico.

So they are forced to resort to the same old play book of character assassination and class warfare and spurious allegations.

Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez on Twitter

@johncardillo Hey John, 1. I didn't go to Brown or the Ivy League. I went to BU. Try Google. 2. It is nice. Growing up, it was a good town for working people. My mom scrubbed toilets so I could live here & I grew up seeing how the zip code one is born in determines much of their opportunity.

But too few of us really understand what democratic socialism is, though at least three generations have lived through one form of it or another. Yet we have come to lazily accept those ‘better days’ as the best capitalism had to offer.

The great irony is that the prosperity that transformed America and its allies into robust first-world nations is owed not to capitalism, but to democratic socialism whose policies, (though not without their flaws), helped shape the better part of the 19th and 20th centuries. But we’ll get to that shortly.

What is socialism?

Socialism is not what occurs when all industry is owned by the state, that’s communism.

True socialism is when workers own the means of production. It is the co-op model for the global economy. It opposes private profits and believes that private ownership constrains economic planning and leads to irrational decision making that concentrates wealth and power in the hands of a small minority.

Put simply, if the work you do results in profits for the company that employs you, you should be entitled to a share of those profits. When all workers hold some kind of equity in their own employment, companies and businesses are structured democratically where all staff are involved in operational decision making and there is greater incentive for productivity and efficiency. Socialism gives workers proverbial skin in the game. Work is no longer just a job that people can punch in and out of, but an investment in their own financial futures.

But democratic socialism doesn’t even go that far, embracing a public / private ownership model to guarantee full employment.

And, as I have written before, it rightly acknowledges the role of government as the private sector’s bank and offers corporate incentives like tax cuts and subsidies if it supports business and employment. (The private sector has been enjoying the benefits of corporate socialism for years. Yet somehow it objects when they are directed towards workers and households).

What is democratic socialism?

Democratic socialism believes that employment, education and health care are a universal human right, along with the right to organise into unions. It recognises there are significant conflicts of interest in the way the global economy is currently structured.

It advocates for full employment and the right to meaningful work that covers the basic costs of living.

It opposes the use of gender and racial discrimination, coercion, brutality and violence to defend the status quo.

It believes in the responsibility of government to plan economies to ensure sustainable employment, and an equitable distribution of resources in a way that ensures a basic quality of life for the greatest number of people. (Besides which, real democratic socialism recognises that the wealthy needn’t pay a cent more in tax to ensure that, to quote Ocasio-Cortez, “nobody should be too poor to live”).

It recognises the existence of an ever fragmenting class system and advocates for policy that address the gross inequality that pervades the current economic order of, to paraphrase journalist Elliot Gabriel, “monopoly-finance and surveillance capitalism, commodifying and intruding into every aspect of existence.”

This is not a new or radical concept. In fact, much of the developed world has benefited greatly from democratic socialism since at least the end of WWII.

Democratic socialism: We already know it works

The thing is, we already know democratic socialism works. Our parents, grand-parents and great-grandparents were all beneficiaries of its policies, before they pulled the proverbial drawbridge up behind them. Social Security. Medicare. The minimum wage. All the result of democratic socialism. The New Deal was a form of democratic socialism, (but in order for it to pass Congress, it was legally structured to exclude African Americans and other minorities, Roosevelt’s unforgivable concession to the South).

Post-War public spending & job guarantees across the US, UK and Australia. Women’s suffrage. The Voting Rights Act. The right to form unions and job programs for the unemployed:

Democratic. Socialism.

These things all helped to create and enrich the middle class, without which we would still be mired in Great Depression style living standards.

Whether they know it or not, white America has long been the beneficiary of democratic socialism, while the rest of the country, and the world, has been forced to live off its table scraps. Perhaps the wave of white supremacist sentiment sweeping the globe can be interpreted as the white middle class being forced to confront for the first time, a significant decline in living standards that most of us have long been accustomed to.

Yet, instead of recognising they have been lumped in with the rest of us, too many conservatives, Trump supporters and out-and-out racists have the audacity to blame immigrants, black people, women, the LGBTIQA and ‘political correctness’ for their economic dispossession instead of recognising that the system was always designed to put workers at a disadvantage, and the remnants of the white middle class are simply its latest victims. Welcome to the real world.

One would hope that, despite our political differences, instead of turning on each other, we should all be aiming our vitriol and discontent at the system itself, and those whose deliberate acts of legislation has led to what anthropologist, professor David Graeber describes as “managerial feudalism”: a system so precarious and with so few rights for workers that it has forced upon us a great compliance.

Graeber argues that the very structure of the job market is a long-standing political project and form of social control that systematically extracts wealth and resources, channeling it to the barons of industry, creating a permanent pool of unemployed that it makes alternative employment so difficult to come by that it keeps workers just insecure enough that they cannot rebel either against government or the conditions of their employment. (And thus, we turn on each other, instead).

The greatest trick late stage capitalism has ever played, is convincing the public it has always been this way. But in reality, over the last 30–40 years we have witnessed the great dismantling of the democratic socialist state, and watched as it was slowly replaced by financialisation and corporatocracy.

We are only just beginning to see the true nature of capitalism as more than half of America’s population now lives below the poverty line, while the underclass in the UK and Australia continue to grow.

Millennials may not remember — or even have been alive for — the last drops of prosperity that trickled through the 80s and 90s. Regardless, it is young people that are now driving the engine of democratic socialism and are responsible for its growing popularity.

Many may not have been alive for the New Deal or post-war job guarantees, but millennials are the first generation to experience less prosperity than their parents, grand-parents, or great-grandparents.

We have lived through the privatisation of schools and publicly owned assets. Older millennials have lived through two major financial crises, and two Gulf Wars. We’ve seen the cost of basic health care become prohibitive to all but the wealthiest of our communities. We know it’s harder now than almost during any other time in history to find a full time job, and even if we’re lucky enough to hold one down, it’s unlikely to cover the cost of living and thus requires us to plunge ourselves into ever more debt just to keep the lights and heat on.

As I mentioned before, democratic socialism is not a new concept. Government once existed to serve the needs of the great majority. Finally, it seems more of us are coming to the conclusion that if it was good enough for our grandparents, and it’s good enough for the private sector, then it’s good enough for the rest of us.

Thank you for reading. I couldn’t afford to continue my research, or write this book, were it not for the support of my generous sponsors. Support independent journalism, sponsor me on Patreon, starting at $3 a month, or throw some money at my PayPal.

Democratic socialism: We already know it works was originally published in Hello Humans on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

The case against income tax

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Thu, 05/07/2018 - 11:38pm in


“If income tax were really important, how come those who make the most often pay the least?

Income tax doesn’t really pay for government services federally. So why do we, the 99%, even need to pay it? Isn’t it just punishing people for earning?”

Me at Renegade Inc. on the case against income tax. Click here for the full schpiel.

Why IPE Needs to Talk about Money: On Austerity, Financial Power, and Debt (Part 2)

Published by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 20/04/2016 - 5:00pm in

Tags 

Blog, Debt, money

Though Marx never developed a theory of the capitalisation of the state or of money creation, he did notice this relationship of getting something for nothing (that we discussed in Part 1 of this post) in the first volume of Capital:  A Critique of Political Economy:

The state creditors actually give nothing away, for the sum lent is transformed into public bonds, easily negotiable, which go on functioning in their hands just as so much hard cash would…. It was not enough that the bank gave with one hand and took back more with the other; it remained, even whilst receiving, the eternal creditor of the nation…

And indeed, because our governments have been structured historically not to create money (with the exception of notes and coins in most instances), the public is forced to go into debt to private social forces.  But the big question is whether this has to be the case? Why shouldn’t our democratically elected governments have the power to create interest free money rather than enter a debt relationship with private social forces who capitalise the production of money at interest? This latter process, as we have seen, leads to mounting ‘national’ debts, the primary justification for the policies of neoliberal austerity.

Of course, because of years of misleading propaganda on the riddle of inflation combined with the popular denigration of public servants and institutions (stronger in some countries than in others) many would react in horror to the proposal that governments should be in control of the production of new money. There are undoubtedly real and perceived challenges to overcome when considering sovereign money but the alternative is to let the bankers continue to create new money out of thin air and profit from the interest. But there are indeed proposals to create sovereign or public money that avoids inflation and at their centre are two simple propositions: 1) money should be produced interest free and in a planned and democratic way; and 2) this new money should be spent on productive activities that benefit society and urgently address climate change and the need for renewable energy among defeating other unnecessary social ills like homelessness, poverty and hunger.

If you think that this is impossible, consider the fact that Switzerland will be holding a referendum on whether to stop private banks from creating new money while putting the control of new money creation solely in the hands of the Swiss National Bank. The elected government will then instruct the Swiss National Bank how it should spend new money into the economy, closely monitoring the effects of new money creation.

Today, much of the new money created by banks has gone into speculative asset inflation, particularly in real estate and the stock markets of the world. And this brings us to some of the key consequences of allowing commercial banks to issue the majority of the money supply and to charge interest for it. We can list them as follows:

  • Democratic governments are not in control of most of their money supply and are structurally forced into debt to a minority of private social forces who profit from this relationship. The fact that the state has the power to tax the population allows for private social forces to capitalise on this power process and direct a stream on income to themselves through government securities.  As Creutz pointed about long ago, it is a mathematical certainty that due to the ownership of government securities (the minority) and the payment of taxes (the majority) more money will be received by the minority of the bondholders from the majority of taxpayers. See also the forthcoming book from Sandy Brian Hager on Public Debt, Inequality and Power in the United States of America;
  • While governments do set spending, distribution and allocation priorities based on a budget, it is largely commercial banks that set allocation/distribution priorities for society given that they are the primary institutions of new money creation. Banks need not create money for productive purposes and can create money to speculate on securities and real estate;
  • There is always more debt in the system than the ability to repay. This is because when banks create loans they do not create the interest. For example, a US$100 dollar loan at 10% interest will mean that the borrower has to repay US$110 to discharge the loan. But the bank creates only US$100, not US$110. The money has to be obtained from elsewhere, which is also a key trigger for the need for economic growth and the greater commodification and monetisation of nature;
  • The sabotage of the possibility of public or sovereign money and the private ownership of the capacity to create new money leads to an inevitable need for credit/debt when incomes do not meet spending expectations or a desired lifestyle. For example, most people are forced into debt if they want to buy a home or car. But as Susanne Soederberg points out in her wonderful book Debtfare States, many low income groups have been turning to consumer credit just to make ends meet; and
  • Money/debt is based on creditworthiness and tied to assets and income, hence the already rich can borrow more money, leading to greater inequality. For example, hedge fund managers can typically leverage their assets by about ten times, meaning if they have assets of US$1 billion, they can borrow another US$10 billion from commercial banks to speculate on income-generating assets. We have to recall that a 5% return on US$10 billion is far greater than a 5% return on US$ 1 billion! Hence, the proliferation of hedge fund billionaires;
  • The owners of banks essentially profit from a fraud. Fraud is typically understood to be a deliberate deception in order to secure an unfair gain or advantage. Since the banks create new money and do not act as intermediaries between savers and borrowers, they are indeed deceiving the public and certainly are securing unfair financial gains. There is a reason why the banking sector is the most heavily capitalised sector of the global economy each year and that an orgy of bonuses and luxury spending follows each fiscal year. See below:

Pic1

  • Interest on money/debt is a key driver of differential inflation. Interest is a cost to business and gets pushed on to consumers. So consumers not only pay for the base costs of a good or service, but also a portion of the interest the business owes to the banks as well as whatever mark-up on costs the business feels it can get away with. This is interest inflation and profit inflation. Just so that we’re clear that most businesses to do not finance their expansions out of their retained earnings, here’s the level of non-financial corporate debt in the United States (and we assume a similar trajectory in capitalist economies):

pic2

  • Government fiscal policy is incredibly important and has more to do with monetary policy than the monetary policy of central banks – which basically regulates the inter-bank market. This is so because should an economy stagnate with low or negative growth and high unemployment then it is only the government that can help create effective demand by spending into the economy. The only problem with this solution is that, at present, thanks largely to Keynes’ denial of sovereign money, governments are forced into debt at interest to do so when they need not be;
  • There is another consequence for entrepreneurs who may have a great idea but not enough money to invest in their business to make it viable. Since banks typically do not lend to new small businesses without collateral or some other guarantee, this means that entrepreneurs have to turn to venture capitalists and the like for an investment and therefore give up equity in their companies; and
  • We need to abandon the notion that savings lead to investment. This is false. No saving has to take place before new money can be issued. Furthermore, more saving means less money in an economy, not more.

There is considerably more to debate and discuss, but I hope this blog post is enough to encourage scholars in IPE to talk more about money – particular before the next crisis hits, debt mounts and politicians cry out for balanced books and more austerity. When we learn that the current system is a historical legacy/creation and in no way a natural or inevitable one, using debt as an excuse to make certain political choices that ultimately benefit the 1% and undermine the public will hopefully be a non-starter.

Democratic societies should be in control of their own money supply, not a minority of private bank owners and their functionaries who profit enormously from capitalising on everyone else paying interest.

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